What is one of the penalties for anti-competitive behaviors?

The focus on Competition Disqualification Orders against directors as a penalty for anti-competitive behaviors highlights a significant aspect of regulatory enforcement within the realm of competition law. This order is a legal measure aimed at holding individual directors accountable for their role in facilitating anti-competitive practices, thereby promoting a higher standard of corporate governance and ethical conduct.

When directors engage in activities that breach competition laws, such as collusion, price-fixing, or market sharing, they can face personal consequences, including disqualification from serving as directors in the future. This not only serves as a deterrent but also underscores the principle that leadership accountability is essential in maintaining fair competition within markets.

The other options mentioned do not align as closely with established regulatory consequences for anti-competitive behavior. While companies can indeed face unlimited fines, and mandatory restructuring might occur as a result of regulatory intervention in extreme cases, the specific provision aimed at deterring directors personally through disqualification directly targets governance and individual responsibility—key elements in enforcing competition law. Compulsory public apologies, while potentially seen in other contexts, are not standard penalties applied in cases of anti-competitive behavior.

Thus, focusing on Competition Disqualification Orders emphasizes personal accountability within corporate practices, which is crucial for upholding competitive markets and det